Herbert a



(N M L) H. A. SILVE'RA.

INDEXED BOOK.

Patented Mar. 3,1891.

LNVENTUR;

UNITED STATES-.PATENT FFIGE nnnmznr A. sILvEnl noF NEW YORK, N. Y. [N Ex 50.5.0 0. K.

srncmrcn'rxon forming part of Letters Patent No.44l,371,dated March 3,1891.

Application filed July 19, 1887. Serial No. 2Mi '7 (N0 mod To alt whom it may concern: I subject-matter ofv L. The same is the case Be it known that I, HERBERT A. SILVERA, a with the double Ietters AB CD, and so on.- cnizen of the United States, residing in the Should it be necessary to index; the same 55 city, county, and State of New York, have inbook more completely-i. 8., by vowe1sthe 5 venteda certain new and useful Improvement double lettersmay consist-ottwo vowels, as .in Indexed Books, which is applicable to blank books and all books of an ,indexical charactor; and, I do hereby declare that the fol which is to be placed or applied according to 6o lowing is .a full, clear, and exact description the system; explained in the case of -the prim ll) of my invention, which will enable others cipal-double letter AB-that is to say, at the skilled in the art to which it appertains to pointin subdivision B,'wher'e'the vowele ends make and use the same. and icommcnccs; i V I My invention consistsin whatI call a semi- By this improved system the smallest- Bible 65 reflexsystem of indexing? by placing the in-, or pocket-dictionary may be indexed with dices at the meeting-point of two contiguous great facility at small cost, which was heretosubje'ct-matt'ers to which they respectively 1 efore impracticable for want of space required fer reversely, whereby I simplify the matterto applysingle letters or names at the beginby employing only halt the number of indi hes,i. ningof each subject-limiter therein contained. 7 0 which cheapens the cost particularly when Another important advantage of this imtabs are used or niches are cut in the edges of provcment is the increased size of the double the leaves, which tabs or niches may belargcr letters, names, or characters which may beand more conspicuous, besides being more employed, rendered possible by the reduction I easily selected on account of the smaller num: of their number and consequent reduction her; I prefer to use what I shall hcreinaitcr of the aggregate amount of space required 2 5 designate as double letters, names, or chartherefor. Moreover, In ,certain instances and acters formed by the association or combina-' in certain kinds of books it is 'not necessary tion oftwo or more single letters, names, ,or that there should be two letters, names, or characters; but I may in some instances emcharacters to form my double letters, so called,

ploy single characters. as, for instance, in the case of the Holy 3o The accompanying drawing illustrates an Bible there are the First and Second Samopenedbook indexed according to my invenno], the First and Second Kings, and other" tion. instances of this kind. These may be in- In the drawing I show myinvention as updexed under my system by placing Samplied to an ordinary dictionary or lexicon; but uel I ll at the end of First Samuel and 35 I'use such book as an illustration simply. I beginning of Second Samuel, and in the case The invention is applicable to a great vaof Kings, Chronicles, 'lhessalonians, &c. the riety of works, and also to blank books, as be single word Kings, Chronicles, 'lhesfore stated. I salonians, due, may beplaced between the I To carry my invention into effect a double two books of the same, respectively turn- 0 letterinam'e, or charactc" intended tozindicaie ing from left to right for the iirst book and two :subject-Inattersis printed or otherwise from right to left for the second book. Morede'lineated on or attached to a leaf, or interover, I sometimes, in order to'avail myself of posed between leaves (by means of tabs) at a a part of my invention, index books by a single 9 5 point Where two subject-matters meet. Thus reference-letter or other character, placing it,

45 in the case of the dictionary, as illustrated, however, at such a point in the book that it the doubleletter KL appears located at the shall refer to two subj ect-matters. Thus in end of K' and the beginning of L, so that a indexing a monthly register I can skip a reader on opening the book at the point iudimonth, commencing l eb. for February, xcc cated will be as near to one subject-matter as placing it at the commencement of February,

' 50 the other, but is obliged to turn the leaves and of 'course it refers to January according backward-4. (2., from left to right, for the subto the plan stated; and the nextindex would oot-matter of K, and from righttolett-to'r the be Apl. for April, and so on, and the same ei, together with a prineipal'lettcig as Mei is trneof the letters of the alphabet, commene-' printed books or thick blank books concave recesses or niches cut into the body of the leaves similar to those used in connection with my improved index for which I obtained Letters Patent of the United States, dated August 21, 1883, and numbered 283,383, will be best. suited to the purpose undereertain conditions while in othercasesthe steps may be'better suited.

It is obvious that the double letter. or their equivalent, as described, may be produced on the inclined wall of the concave niches cut into the body of thelcaves, if desired, as well as on the face of the leaf or on the tabs, if

they be used.

1 am aware of the patentto lerley, No.

370,280, in which the leaves are cut away so as to expose the reference-letter on the lirst page containing matter under each head as usual in a double row facing in opposite directions with a character in each index ret'erring to the subjeetmatt'er of the opposite index, beside the character referring to the subject-matter of the one where the index is placed, the purpose'of which is that the required index-letter may be seen from either side of the book as it; may happen to lie; but this is not myinvention. There is an index for each snlriectmatter, asusnal, while in my invention there is only one for two subjectmatters. Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters atent of the United States, is

A book indexed as described-viz., one index to two subject-matters, the indicia being placed between adjoi hing so bjeet-matters and referring to them reversely, substantially as described.

\Yitnesses:

1C. BACHMANN, (lnonen A. Ynss. 

